Use of MeNTS, Frailty and Symptom Scales for selecting surgical patients during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A retrospective study / Uso de escalas MeNTS, Fragilidad y Síntomas para la selección de pacientes quirúrgicos durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2: Estudio retrospectivo

Abstract Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to the cancellation of non-emergent surgeries in order to optimize the use of resources. Once the elective medical services are restored, a technical and ethical strategy becomes critical to select candidate patients for elective surgery. Objective: To describe the results from the implementation of MeNTS (Medically Necessary Time-sensitive Procedures), FI-CGA, and survey on COVID-19 symptoms Scales, as methods for the selection of patients who were candidates for elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, in a third level institution in Cali, Colombia. Methods: The databases of the results on the administration of MeNTS, frailty index (FI-CGA) and COVID 19 symptoms scales in patients who were candidates for elective surgery in a third level clinic in Cali city, between March 1st and August 31st, 2020 were reviewed. Results: A total of 1,044 patients were included, of which 647 (62.0 %) were females, with a median age of52 years (interquartile range [IQR] 38-62). 98 % of the patients were asymptomatic, the overall median score for MeNTS was 48 (IQR 44-52) and the average for FI-CGA was 0.0 (standard deviation 0.1). Conclusions: MeNTS, FI-CGA and the Symptoms Survey are easily accessible scales amidst the pandemic and are helpful to select patients with intermediate and low risk of perioperative morbidity in elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Further studies are required to confirm these findings and to clarify the potential of these tools in the selection of patients that meet the high-risk criteria.

Resumen Introducción: La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 ha ocasionado la suspensión de cirugías no urgentes con el fin de optimizar los recursos. Una vez los servicios médicos electivos son restablecidos, es fundamental disponer de una estrategia técnica y ética para la selección de los pacientes candidatos a cirugía electiva. Objetivo: Describir los resultados observados durante la implementación de las escalas MeNTS (Medically Necessary Time-sensitive Procedures), IF-VIG y Encuesta de síntomas para COVID-19, como métodos de selección de pacientes candidatos a cirugía electiva durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 en una institución de nivel tres en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. Metodología: Se revisaron las bases de datos de los resultados de la aplicación de escalas de MeNTS, índice de fragilidad (IF-VIG) y los síntomas para COVID 19, en pacientes candidatos a cirugía electiva en una clínica de tercer nivel en la ciudad de Cali, entre marzo 1 y agosto 31 del 2020. Resultados: En total 1.044 pacientes fueron incluidos, de los cuales 647 (62,0 %) fueron mujeres con una mediana de edad de 52 años (rango intercuartil [RIC] 38-62). El 98 % de los pacientes estuvieron asintomáticos, la mediana general de la puntuación total de MeNTS fue 48 (RIC 44-52) y el promedio para IF-VIG fue de 0,0 (desviación estándar 0,1). Conclusiones: MeNTS, IF-VIG y Encuesta de síntomas, son escalas fácilmente accesibles durante tiempos de pandemia y son de utilidad para seleccionar pacientes de riesgo intermedio y bajo de morbilidad perioperatoria en cirugía electiva durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2. Se requieren futuros estudios para confirmar estos hallazgos y para clarificar su potencial en la selección de pacientes con criterios que los definan como de riesgo alto.

Beneficios sociales del protocolo de intervenciones de enfermería a pacientes con cirugía ambulatoria de enfermedades anorrectales

RESUMEN El presente estudio pretende demostrar los beneficios sociales de un protocolo de intervenciones de enfermería a pacientes con cirugía ambulatoria de enfermedades anorrectales. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistemática para hacer un análisis crítico reflexivo del contenido de artículos originales y de revisión publicados entre 2015 y 2021 en español, portugués e inglés. La búsqueda fue realizada en las bases de datos Medline, Pubmed y SciELO de enero a junio de 2021, en función de los presupuestos teóricos de una investigación realizada en el salón ambulatorio del Hospital Universitario Provincial Manuel Ascunce Domenech. Se constató la importancia de los protocolos de atención, ya que son de relevancia, para que cada profesional socio sanitario asuma que su participación es vital para el bienestar de la persona.

ABSTRACT This research aims to demonstrate the social benefits of a nursing intervention protocol for patients with outpatient surgery for anorectal diseases. A systematic bibliographic review was carried out to make a reflexive critical analysis of the content of original and review articles published between 2015 and 2021 in Spanish, Portuguese and English. The search was carried out in the Medline, Pubmed and SciELO databases from January to June 2021, based on the theoretical assumptions of an investigation carried out in the outpatient operating room of the provincial university hospital "Manuel Ascunce Domenech". The importance of care protocols was confirmed, since they are relevant, so that each socio-health professional has in his actions the certainty that his intervention is vital for the well-being of the person.

Corpos riziformes em localização inusitada / Unexpected riziform bodies

Corpos riziformes são estruturas que podem ser encontradas no líquido sinovial ou aderidas à sinóvia, que se assemelham macroscopicamente a grãos de arroz. São frequentes em pacientes com artrite reumatoide e decorrem de resposta inflamatória crônica. São encontrados em 25% dos procedimentos de aspiração ou cirurgias das articulações. Porém, ainda não existem publicações relatando sua presença no subcutâneo. Relatamos, pela primeira vez, a ocorrência de corpos riziformes no subcutâneo da região palmar em paciente com artrite reumatoide, confirmados por exames ultrassonográfico e anatomopatológico, tratados com sucesso com drenagem cirúrgica, sem recidivas após dois anos de seguimento

Riziform bodies are structures in the synovial fluid or attached to the synovium, which macroscopically resemble rice grains. They are common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and result from a chronic inflammation. They are found in 25% of aspiration procedures or joint surgery. However, there are still no publications reporting its presence in the subcutaneous tissue. We report for the first time the occurrence of riziform bodies in the subcutaneous plane of the palmar region in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, confirmed by sonographic and anatomopathological examination, successfully treated with surgical drainage, without recurrences after two years of follow-up.

Nivel de conocimientos de enfermeras sobre intervenciones de enfermería en personas con cirugía ambulatoria por enfermedades anorrectales / Level of Knowledge of Nurses about Nursing Interventions in Outpatient Surgery for Anorectal Diseases

Introducción: Para el desarrollo exitoso de la cirugía ambulatoria de afecciones anorrectales se requiere de profesionales de enfermería con conocimientos juicio y clínico de las intervenciones que realizan. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de conocimientos de enfermeras sobre intervenciones de enfermería en personas con cirugía ambulatoria por enfermedades anorrectales. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, contextualizado en los servicios de Cirugía Ambulatoria de hospitales provinciales de Camagüey, desde agosto de 2018 hasta septiembre de 2020. Universo constituido por 52 enfermeras, con más de 5 años de experiencia en esos servicios. Para obtener información sobre nivel de conocimientos se aplicó una encuesta con Alfa de Cronbach de 0,647, lo que confirma su unidimensionalidad y aditividad. Para procesar la información se utilizó el software estadístico IMB SPSS Statistics v23 x64, según los presupuestos establecidos por la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: En cuanto al dominio del instrumental quirúrgico el 48,07 por ciento de las enfermeras identificó el de operar Fístulas, 26,92 por ciento el de fisuras y 19,23 por ciento identificó el instrumental a emplear en la Cirugía Ambulatoria de Hemorroides. Al evaluar los conocimientos básicos, 65,38 por ciento pudo mencionar las principales enfermedades anorrectales, 40,38 por ciento mencionó las complicaciones más frecuentes; los cuidados de enfermería en el preoperatorio fueron identificados por 34,61 por ciento del total de enfermeras evaluadas y solo el 1,92 por ciento pudo definir la conducta a seguir frente a las complicaciones. Conclusiones: Se identificó que el nivel de conocimientos de las enfermeras sobre intervenciones de enfermería en personas con cirugía ambulatoria por enfermedades anorrectales es insatisfactorio(AU)

Introduction: Nursing professionals with judgment and clinical knowledge of the interventions they perform are required for successful development of outpatient surgery for anorectal conditions. Objective: To identify the level of knowledge of nurses about nursing interventions in outpatient surgery for anorectal diseases. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in the Ambulatory Surgery services of Camagüey provincial hospitals, from August 2018 to September 2020. A universe was 52 nurses, with more than 5 years of experience in these services. To obtain information on the level of knowledge, a survey with Cronbach's Alpha of 0.647 was applied, which confirmed unidimensionality and additivity. To process the information, the statistical software IMB SPSS Statistics v23 x64 was used, according to the assumptions established by descriptive statistics. Results: Regarding the domain of surgical instruments, 48.07 percent of the nurses identified that of operating fistulas, 26.92 percent that of fissures, and 19.23 percent identified the instruments to be used in outpatient hemorrhoid surgery. When evaluating basic knowledge, 65.38 percent were able to mention the main anorectal diseases, 40.38 percent mentioned the most frequent complications; nursing care in the preoperative period was identified by 34.61 percent of the total number of nurses evaluated and only 1.92 percent were able to define the behavior to follow in the face of complications. Conclusions: The nurses' level of knowledge about nursing interventions in outpatient surgery for anorectal diseases was identified as unsatisfactory(AU)

Seguridad del alta temprana en pacientes con histerectomía laparoscópica en una institución de alto nivel de complejidad en Bogotá, Colombia, 2013 - 2019. Cohorte histórica / Safety of early discharge in patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy in a high complexity center in Bogotá, Colombia, 2013 - 2019. Historical cohort

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir la seguridad del alta en las primeras 12 horas del posoperatorio en mujeres cometidas histerectomía por laparoscopia por patología benigna de útero. Materiales y métodos: estudio de cohorte histórica descriptiva. Se incluyeron todas las mujeres llevadas a histerectomía laparoscópica por patología benigna, quienes fueron dadas de alta después de 12 horas del procedimiento en un hospital de alta complejidad en Bogotá, Colombia, entre enero del 2013 y abril del 2019. Se excluyeron pacientes con comorbilidades (diabetes, enfermedad cardiovascular y pulmonar obstructiva crónica), limitaciones para la movilización y aquellas que presentaron complicaciones intraoperatorias. Se realizó un muestreo consecutivo. Se evaluaron variables demográficas, y como variables de seguridad, el reingreso por urgencias y complicaciones clasificadas según la escala de Dindo a los 15 días del postoperatorio. Se hace análisis descriptivo. Resultados: durante el período de estudio se realizaron 860 histerectomías por laparoscopia, de estas, 67 (7,8%) cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Once pacientes (16,4%) reingresaron por el servicio de urgencias, de las cuales, siete (63,6%) acudieron por dolor, una (9%) por sangrado activo, una (9%) por fiebre, y dos (18%) por síntomas urinarios. Se presentaron seis (8,9%) complicaciones postoperatorias de las cuales dos pacientes (2,9%) tuvieron hematoma de cúpula vaginal, dos (2,9%) hemoperitoneo, una (1,4%) infección urinaria y una (1,4%) lesión ureteral; cuatro pacientes (5,9%) requirieron hospitalización, estas últimas se clasificaron en el estadio IIIb de Dindo. Conclusiones: el alta temprana surge como alternativa al cuidado hospitalario para este tipo de población. Se requieren estudios con grupo control y asignación aleatoria para aportar mejor evidencia respecto a este manejo.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the safety of early discharge in the first 12 hours of the postoperative period in women undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign uterine disease. Materials and methods: Descriptive historical cohort study. The study included all women undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy due to benign disease and discharged after 12 hours of the procedure in a high complexity hospital in Bogota Colombia, between January 2013 and April 2019. Patients with comorbidities (diabetes, cardiovascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) mobility limitations and intraoperative complications were excluded. Consecutive sampling was used. The variables assessed included demographics and safety variables such as readmission through the emergency service and complications classified according to the Dindo scale on the fifteenth postoperative day. A descriptive analysis is made. Results: Of 860 laparoscopic hysterectomies performed during the study period, 67 (7.8%) met the selection criteria. Eleven patients (16.4%) were readmitted through the emergency service, one (9%) due to active bleeding, and two (18%) because of urinary symptoms. There were six (8.9%) postoperative complications, including vaginal vault hematoma in two patients (2.9%), hemoperitoneum in two cases (2,9%), one (1.4%) urinary infection and one (1.4%) ureteral injury; four patients (5.9%) required hospitalization and were classified as stage IIIb on the Dindo scale. Conclusions: Early discharge emerges as an alternative to in-hospital care for this type of population. Randomized controlled studies are needed to produce additional evidence regarding this management approach

Avaliação da utilização de instrumentais cirúrgicos em um centro cirúrgico ambulatorial / An evaluation of the use of surgical instruments in an Outpatient Surgery Center / Evaluación de la utilización de instrumentales quirúrgicos en un Centro Quirúrgico Ambulatorio

Objetivo: Avaliar o número de instrumentais cirúrgicos utilizados e não utilizados durante cirurgias realizadas em um centro cirúrgico ambulatorial de um hospital universitário. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo e descritivo, realizado a partir do levantamento de dados com a observação da utilização ou não dos instrumentais cirúrgicos presentes nas caixas cirúrgicas. Resultados: Foram observadas 176 cirurgias, dentre as especialidades: oftalmologia 132 (75%), otorrinolaringologia 16 (9,09%), plástica 12 (6,81%) e outras especialidades 16 (9,09%). Verificou-se 49,10% de desperdício dos instrumentais, por estes não terem sido utilizados nas cirurgias ambulatoriais. Conclusão: Este estudo traz uma nova perspectiva sobre a atuação da enfermagem no Centro Cirúrgico Ambulatorial e sua responsabilidade perante o gerenciamento e controle de custos de uma instituição de saúde.

Objective: To evaluate the number of surgical instruments that are used and go unused during surgeries performed at an outpatient surgery center of a university hospital. Method: This is a cross-sectional, quantitative, and descriptive study, carried out using a survey of data of observations related to the use or non-use of surgical instruments present in surgical boxes. Results: A total of 176 surgeries were observed among the specialties: ophthalmology 132 (75%), otorhinolaryngology 16 (9.09%), plastic surgery 12 (6.81%), and other specialties 16 (9.09%). It was confirmed that 49.10% of the instruments were wasted, as they were not used in the outpatient surgeries. Conclusion: This study brings a new perspective about the role of nursing in Outpatient Surgery Centers and responsibility of nurses with regard to the management and control of costs at health institutions.

Objetivo: Evaluar el número de instrumentales quirúrgicos utilizados y no utilizados durante cirugías realizadas en un centro quirúrgico ambulatorio de un hospital universitario. Método: Se trata de un estudio transversal, cuantitativo y descriptivo, realizado a partir del levantamiento de datos con la observación de la utilización o no de los instrumentales quirúrgicos presentes en las cajas quirúrgicas. Resultados: Fueron observadas 176 cirugías, entre las especialidades: oftalmología 132 (75%), otorrinolaringología 16 (9,09%), plástica 12 (6,81%) y otras especialidades 16 (9,09%). Se verificó un 49,10% de desperdicio de los instrumentales, por estos no haber sido utilizados en las cirugías ambulatorias. Conclusión: Este estudio trae una nueva perspectiva sobre la actuación de la enfermería en el Centro Quirúrgico Ambulatorio y su responsabilidad ante la gestión y control de costos de una institución de salud.

Sondaje de vías lagrimales previa dilatación canalicular con gel viscoelástico versus sondaje directo / Lachrymal duct probing after canalicular dilation with viscoelastic gel vs direct probing

Objetivo: comparar la técnica de sondaje de vías lagrimales previa dilatación canalicular con gel viscoelástico con el sondaje directo. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico prospectivo de cohorte no concurrente en 136 ojos pertenecientes a pacientes con obstrucción congénita del conducto lacrimonasal atendidos en la Consulta de Oftalmopediatría del Hospital Pediátrico Docente Pepe Portilla, de Pinar del Río, a quienes se les realizó sondaje de vía lagrimal, desde enero del año 2008 a julio de 2013. Se conformaron dos grupos de estudio, ambos de 68 ojos, uno con la técnica quirúrgica de sondaje directo, y un segundo grupo donde se aplicó dilatación previa de la vía excretora con gel viscoelástico. Resultados: en el primer grupo se presentaron complicaciones en el 45,59 por ciento. Se logró el 54,41 por ciento de curación y fue reintervenido el 32,35 por ciento. En el segundo grupo se logró el 97,92 por ciento de curación sin complicaciones incluyendo a 6 ojos de pacientes mayores de 3 años, y fue necesario reintervenir a un solo paciente. Conclusiones: el sondaje del conducto lacrimonasal previa dilatación con Healon minimiza las complicaciones y la necesidad de reintervención, y posibilita su empleo efectivo en pacientes mayores de 3 años(AU)

Objective: to compare the lachrymal duct probing technique after canalicular dilation canalicular with viscoelastic gel or with direct probing. Methods: prospective, analytical and non-concurrent cohort study carried out in 136 eyes from patients with congenital nasolachrymal duct obstruction, who were seen at the ophthalmological pediatric service in Pepe Portilla teaching pediatric hospital located in Pinar del Rio and who underwent lachrymal duct probing in the period of January, 2008 through July,2013. Two study groups were formed with 68 eyes each, one treated with direct probing, and the other with previous dilation of the excretory duct with viscoelastic gel. Results: the first group showed some complications in 45,59 percent of patients; 54,41 percent recovered and 32,35 percent were reoperated. In the second group, 97,92 percent managed to recover without complications, including 6 eyes from patients older than 3 years. It was necessary to re-operate a patient. Conclusions: nasolachrymal duct probing after dilation with Healon minimizes complications and need for reoperation, thus facilitating its use in patients aged over 3 years(AU)

Avaliação de treinamento cirúrgico na graduação de medicina / Evaluation of surgical training in medical school

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade de um treinamento de técnicas cirúrgicas em pata de porco durante a graduação em medicina. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 87 acadêmicos de medicina voluntários, provenientes de diferentes períodos da graduação, que participaram de uma oficina básica para realização de incisões, suturas, biópsias, retalhos, enxertos, sob supervisão direta. Foram utilizados questionários autoaplicáveis pré e pós-treinamento. RESULTADOS: O ensino de suturas, biópsias e correção de orelha mostrou-se efetivo para o aprendizado de habilidades mínimas exigidas para as técnicas propostas (p<0,005), bem como, das excisões e retalhos exercitados, à exceção do enxerto (p>0,97). CONCLUSÃO: A abordagem metodológica e o monitoramento de reprodução das técnicas mostraram-se adequados. O treinamento oferecido complementou as habilidades cirúrgicas cutâneas dos graduandos de medicina.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of training in surgical techniques in pig feet during medical school. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 87 volunteer medical students from different graduation semesters, who attended a basic workshop for incisions, sutures, biopsies, flaps, grafts, under direct supervision. Pre and post-training self-administered questionnaires were used. RESULTS: The teaching of sutures, biopsies and ear correction was effective for learning of the minimal skills required for the proposed techniques (p <0.005), as well as excisions and flaps, except grafting (p> 0 97). CONCLUSION: The methodological approach and monitoring of techniques' reproduction were adequate. The training offered complemented cutaneous surgical skills of undergraduate medicine students.

Reparo do lóbulo da orelha partido: revisão da literatura e proposta de nova técnica / Split ear lobe repair: literature review and new technique proposal

A fenda do lóbulo da orelha normalmente resulta de trauma súbito ou uso contínuo de brincos pesados. Dentre as diversas técnicas cirúrgicas propostas para a sua correção, a escolha dependerá do tipo de fenda existente, parcial ou total, e deverá permitir a menor chance de recidiva. As correções da fenda total poderão ser feitas com ou sem preservação do orifício do brinco. A fixação do lóbulo durante a intervenção é fundamental, qualquer que seja a técnica utilizada, e pode ser feita com abaixador de língua estéril ou pinça de calázio. Para o procedimento cirúrgico, são utilizados pinça de Adson, tesoura íris e lâmina de bisturi 11 ou 15, sendo o fechamento da pele realizado com fio mononylon 5.0 ou 6.0. Na nova técnica descrita, obtém-se, além da vantagem da manutenção do pertuito, maior segurança ao apoio do brinco com menores chances de recidiva.

Split earlobe usually results from sudden trauma or continuous use of heavy earrings. Among the various surgical techniques proposed for split earlobe correction, the choice will depend on the existing split, partial or total, and should offer a lower chance of recurrence. The total split corrections may be made with or without preservation of the earring orifi ce. Lobe fi xation during intervention is essential, whatever the technique used, and can be done with tongue blade or sterile chalazion clamp. For the surgical procedure, we used Adson clamp, iris scissors, and scalpel blade 11 or 15. Skin suture was done with mononylon 5.0 or 6.0. In the new technique, besides the advantage of maintaining the orifi ce, there is greater security to support the earring with less chance of recurrence.